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Boron tribromide 三溴化硼

規格: 99.9% metals basis, SpcSeal
CAS: 10294-33-4
產品編號: H57104
MDL: MFCD00011312
品牌: INFI

脫烷基試劑-三溴化硼

三溴化硼作為一種強酸性路易斯酸可以用于脫烷基反應,反應機理如下圖,首先甲基醚中氧原子的孤對電子進攻硼原子,溴離子離去,氧原子為正電性;然后溴離子進攻甲基碳正中心生成甲基溴;最后烷氧基二溴硼烷經過水解得到相應的羥基化合物。一般選擇極性溶劑促進反應,例如乙二醇二甲醚和四氫呋喃。

圖片來源網絡

反應實例:

一般活性藥物分子都具有手性中心,2021年報道的文獻中嘗試了HBr/AcOH, HCl/iPrOH, AlCl3脫甲基,會發生消旋或轉化不完全;嘗試利用蛋氨酸/甲基磺酸脫甲基需要長達3天的時間,并且長時間反應會導致產物消旋;最后利用三溴化硼可以完全脫甲基并順便脫掉Boc,高效保護了化合物的手性。

圖片來源:Org. Process Res. Dev. 2022, 26, 3, 710–729

三溴化硼在半導體中應用

在碳基集成電路制造領域,石墨烯基器件中采用原子層沉積方法生長氮化硼,作為高k柵氧介質。氮化硼基于六邊形層狀結構,具有優異的物理性質和極高的化學穩定性,六方晶型具有寬帶隙(5.5 - 6.0 eV)適用于電子器件的介電層。三溴化硼是一種蒸氣壓較高的前驅體(25℃,70Torr),很容易于氨反應得到氮化硼。在原子層沉積過程中,三溴化硼與基底羥基發生反應,飽和吸附后進行吹掃,然后通入NH3反應,完成后再進行吹掃,往復循環得到氮化硼薄膜,研究表明當沉積溫度為750℃時,可降低氮化硼薄膜對空氣和水份的敏感性。(Thin Solid Films, 2022, 402, 167 - 171)

半導體器件制備工藝中,通常需要在硅襯底中摻雜P型或者N型雜質來形成PN結,擴散和離子注入是半導體摻雜的兩種主要方式。在太陽能電池工業中,長采用擴散的方式向N型晶體摻雜P型雜質,而硼的價格低廉且擴散速度快,常作為摻雜體。行業內大多數都是利用液態三溴化硼作為前驅體,在硅襯底表面沉積三氧化二硼薄膜,然后加熱硅襯底,使之與三氧化二硼發生反應(2B203+3Si=4B+3Si02),生成硼原子,硼原子作為擴散源在高溫下向硅片內部擴散,形成PN結。(CN 104250725 A)

Chemical NameBoron tribromide
Synonym BORON TRIBROMIDE, REAGENTPLUS, >=99% BORON TRIBROMIDE, 99.995% 晶堿石 boron (III) bromide BORON TRIBROMIDE, REAGENTPLUS, 99.9% Bortribromid 三溴化硼(0402禁空運) boronbromide(bbr3) 三溴化硼,1M在二氯甲烷溶劑中 Boron tribromide tribromoborane 三溴化硼 BORON TRIBROMIDE, 1.0M SOLUTION IN HEPTA NE tribromo-boran Boron bromide (BBr3) BORON TRIBROMIDE SOLUTION, ~1 M IN DICHL OROMETHANE Borane,tribromo- Boron,tribromo- trona 天然堿 BORON TRIBROMIDE BBr3 三溴化硼 溶液 Borane, tribromo- BORON TRIBROMIDE, 1.0M SOLUTION IN HEXAN ES Tribromoboron tribromuredebore 溴化硼 boron tribromide 三溴硼烷(爆炸,禁止銷售)BORON TRIBROMIDE, 99.9% 三溴硼烷 絲光晶堿石 BORON TRIBROMIDE, 1.0M SOLUTION IN DICHL OROMETHANE Boron tribromide Solution BORON BROMIDE Boron bromide 溴化硼;天然堿 三溴化硼, 99% MIN 碳酸鈉石 tribromoboron Tribromoborane 天然堿;碳酸鈉石 BBr3
CAS Number10294-33-4
PubChem Substance ID125307031
EC Number233-657-9
MDL NumberMFCD00011312
Reaxys-RN3903058
Merck Number1347
Beilstein Registry Number2384789
Chemical Name Translation三溴化硼
LabNetwork Molecule IDLN00163667
GHS Symbol
WGK Germany3
Hazard Codes T+ T+,C T+;C T+,C,F,N
Hazard statements
  • H290 May be corrosive to metals 可能腐蝕金屬。
  • H314 Causes severe skin burns and eye damage 導致嚴重的皮膚灼傷和眼睛損傷
  • H330 Fatal if inhaled 吸入致命
  • H300 Fatal if swallowed 吞食致命
  • H225 Highly flammable liquid and vapour 高度易燃液體和蒸氣
  • H300+H330
  • H351 Suspected of causing cancer 懷疑致癌
    Personal Protective Equipment Faceshields, full-face respirator (US), Gloves, Goggles, multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US), type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter
    RTECSED7400000
    Precautionary statements
    • P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.? 只能在室外或通風良好的地方使用。
    • P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. 避免吸入粉塵/煙/氣體/煙霧/蒸汽/噴霧。
    • P305+P351+P338
    • P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. 戴防護手套/防護服/眼睛的保護物/面部保護物。
    • P304+P340+P310
    • P501 Dispose of contents/container to..… 處理內容物/容器.....
    • P403+P233
    • P305+P351+P338+P310
    • P310 Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. 立即呼救解毒中心或醫生/醫師。
    • P264 Wash hands thoroughly after handling. 處理后要徹底洗凈雙手。
    • P301+P330+P331+P310
    • P303+P361+P353
    • P284 Wear respiratory protection.? 佩戴呼吸保護裝置。
    • P201 Obtain special instructions before use. 使用前獲取專門指示。
    • P240 Ground/bond container and receiving equipment. 與地面接觸/連接集裝箱和接受設備。
    • P370+P378
    • P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. 使用本產品時不要吃東西,喝水或吸煙。
    • P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. 不要吸入粉塵/煙/氣體/煙霧/蒸汽/噴霧。
    • P202 Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood. 已閱讀并理解所有的安全預防措施之前,切勿操作。
    • P301+P310
    • P233 Keep container tightly closed. ?保持容器密閉。
    • P390 Absorb spillage to prevent material damage. 吸收溢出物,防止重大損害。
    • P210 Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. — No smoking. 遠離熱源/火花/明火/熱的表面。——禁止吸煙。
    • P273 Avoid release to the environment. 避免釋放到環境中。
    • P308+P311
      Signal word
      Storage condition Moisture Sensitive 2-8℃易吸潮,密封充氬保存。 Poison room 充氬保存 易吸潮,密封充氬保存。 Moisture & Light Sensitive 0-10°C 避光,易吸潮,密封充氬保存。 0-10
      UN Number 3390 UN2692 3489 UN3390 UN3384
      Risk Statements
      • R35 Causes severe burns 會導致嚴重灼傷
      • R14 Reacts violently with water 遇水會猛烈反應
      • R26/28 Very toxic by inhalation and if swallowed 吸入及吞食都有劇毒
      • R11 Highly flammable 非常易燃
      • R50/53
      • R65 Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed 若吞咽可能傷害肺部器官
      • R67 Vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness 蒸汽可能導致嗜睡和昏厥
      • R34 Causes burns 會導致灼傷
      • R62 Possible risk of impaired fertility 有削弱生殖能力的危險
      • R40 Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect 有限證據表明其致癌作用
        Safety Statements
        • S26 In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice 眼睛接觸后,立即用大量水沖洗并征求醫生意見;
        • S23 Do not breathe gas/fumes/vapour/spray (appropriate wording to be specified by the manufacturer) 不要吸入氣體/煙霧/蒸汽/噴霧;
        • S57 Use appropriate containment to avoid environmental contamination 使用適當容器避免環境污染;
        • S45 In case of accident or if you feel unwell seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible) 發生事故時或感覺不適時,立即求醫(可能時出示標簽);
        • S28 After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of ... (to be specified by the manufacturer) 皮膚接觸后,立即用大量…(由生產廠家指定)沖洗;
        • S36/37/39 Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection 穿戴適當的防護服、手套和眼睛/面保護;
        • S9 Keep container in a well-ventilated place 保持容器在通風良好的場所;
        • S16 Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking 遠離火源,禁止吸煙;
        • S33 Take precautionary measures against static discharges 對靜電采取預防措施;
        • S62 If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label where possible 吞食后不要催吐:立即求醫并出示該容器或標簽;
        • S60 This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste 該物質及其容器必須作為危險廢物處置;
        • S61 Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/safety data sheet 避免釋放到環境中,參考特別指示/安全收據說明書;
          Packing GroupI
          Hazard Class6.1/3, 8
          Warnings 危化品目錄(2015)
          Restrict 危險品
        • ⑴.易被水和醇等分解,受熱會爆炸,對人體組織有強烈刺激作用,其蒸氣劇毒,腐蝕性較強,具有強吸水性,見光、遇熱易分解,接觸空氣冒白煙。為強路易式酸,能與堿反應形成絡合物和加成物。
        • ⑵.在干燥空氣中不變化。溶于無機酸并劇烈起泡。天然堿產于不同的鹽湖沉積物中,主要產于堿湖及古代沉積礦床中,常與針碳鈉鈣石、水堿、泡堿、石鹽、芒硝、鈣芒硝、無水芒硝和石膏共生。遇空氣中的濕氣很容易水解。
        • ⑶.重要的工業原料,廣泛用于玻璃、化工、輕工、紡織、漂染、冶金、石油加工、醫藥、食品等方面。
        • ⑷.用作半導體的摻雜材料,有機
        • 用作有機合成的催化劑、中間體和溴化劑,制造高純硼及其它有機硼化合物的原料。
        • {ALF} Reagent for cleavage of ethers: Synthesis, 249 (1983). Converts alcohols to alkyl bromides under mild conditions: Tetrahedron Lett., 35, 1051 (1994). Cleavage of N-methoxymethyl: Tetrahedron Lett., 42, 8633 (2001), or N-benzyl: Tetrahedron Lett., 45, 4093 (2004) protecting groups can also be achieved under mild conditions. Alkynes undergo bromoboration; the products can be transformed, e.g. to trisubstituted alkenes: Tetrahedron Lett., 29, 1811 (1988), or enyne-allenes: Tetrahedron Lett., 35, 1829 (1994).
        • {uni_hamburg} Short: II/25A
        • {ALD} Merck:14,1347
        • {ALF} Reagent for cleavage of ethers. For a brief feature of uses of the reagent in organic synthesis, see: Synlett, 1636 (2005). See also preceding entry.
        • {ALF} Reagent for cleavage of ethers: Synthesis, 249 (1983). Converts alcohols to alkyl bromides under mild conditions: Tetrahedron Lett., 35, 1051 (1994). Cl
        • 10294-33-4 H57104 Boron tribromide
三溴化硼
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          化學屬性

          Mol. FormulaBBr3
          Mol. Weight250.54
          Boiling Point90 °C
          Density2.6
          Melting Point?49 - ?43 °C
          Refractive index1.4340
          TSCAYes
          Flash Point30 °F
          Vapor Density8.6 (vs air)
          Vapor Pressure40 mmHg ( 14 °C)
          Solubility溶于四氯化碳。
          Stability對熱、光線、濕度敏感
          Appearance pale yellow to orange liq.
          pH:A

          *以上化合物性質及應用等信息僅供參考